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NCLEX Osteoarthritis Questions - NCLEX Questions on Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis NCLEX Practice Questions
Question 1.
Mrs. Agrima is a 45-year-old woman who has been diagnosed with gout. She has been experiencing severe pain and inflammation in her toes and has been advised to follow a low- purine diet and increase her water intake. Mrs. Agrima has also been prescribed probenecid for pain management.
Which of the following is a side effect of probenecid?
(a) Visual disturbance
(b) Hypoglycemia
(c) Increased risk of bleeding
(d) Elevation of uric acid levels when taken with aspirin
Answer:
(d) Elevation of uric acid levels when taken with aspirin
Explanation:
Probenecid is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body and is commonly used to treat gout. It is important for nurses to be aware of the potential side effects and interactions of this medication in order to provide safe and effective care to patients with gout. Probenecid should never be used with aspirin as salicylates can cause elevation of the uric acid, which can worsen gout symptoms.
Allopurinol, on the other hand, can cause visual disturbance, hypoglycemia when taken with hypoglycemic agents, and increased risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. It is also important to advise patients taking allopurinol to avoid citrus fruits as they contain vitamin C, which can aggravate kidney stone formation.
Rationale:
Option (d) is correct because probenecid should never be used with aspirin as salicylates can cause elevation of the uric acid. Option (a) is incorrect because visual disturbance is a side effect of allopurinol, not probenecid. Option (b) is incorrect because hypoglycemia is a potential side effect of allopurinol when taken with hypoglycemic agents, not probenecid. Option (c) is incorrect because increased risk of bleeding is a potential side effect of allopurinol when taken with warfarin, not probenecid.
Question 2.
Mr. Alvin is a 65-year-old man who has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. He is experiencing joint pain and swelling in his hands and knees, and has difficulty performing everyday activities due to the pain. Mr. Alvin's doctor has prescribed acetaminophen and hot and cold therapy for pain management, and has recommended that he take rest and maintain a healthy weight.
Which of the following is a treatment option for severe osteoarthritis?
(a) Osteotomy
(b) Corticosteroid injection
(c) Heat pads
(d) Hip and knee replacement
Answer:
(d) Hip and knee replacement
Explanation:
Option (d) is correct because hip and knee replacement is a treatment option for severe osteoarthritis. Option (a) is incorrect because osteotomy is a surgical intervention that may be used to correct deformed joints, but is not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis.
Option (b) is incorrect because corticosteroid injection is a treatment option for intense pain, but is not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis. Option (c) is incorrect because heat pads are a treatment option for pain management, but are not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis.
Rationale:
Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that results from the wear and tear of the protective cartilage in the joints. It most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine and can cause joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. The treatment approach for osteoarthritis is to manage the pain and reduce inflammation, which can be achieved through the use of pain relieving creams, hot and cold therapy, and splint devices.
In severe cases, corticosteroid injection and surgical interventions such as osteotomy or hip and knee replacement may be used. It is important for patients with osteoarthritis to take rest, maintain a healthy weight, and engage in light exercises to reduce joint stiffness and improve movement.
Question 3.
Mrs. Rodriguez is a 55-year-old woman who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. She has been experiencing inflammation and pain in her joints, particularly in her hands and feet. Mrs. Rodriguez has also been experiencing episodes of morning stiffness and has a positive rheumatoid factor and increased ESR on her blood profile.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of prednisone, a medication commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
(a) Bone marrow depression
(b) Visual disturbances
(c) Severe hyperglycemia
(d) Retinal damage
Answer:
(c) Severe hyperglycemia
Explanation:
Option (c) is correct because prednisone can cause severe hyperglycemia, particularly in diabetic and older patients. Option (a) is incorrect because bone marrow depression is a potential side effect of methotrexate, not prednisone. Option (b) is incorrect because visual disturbances are a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not prednisone. Option (d) is incorrect because retinal damage is a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not prednisone.
Rationale:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that affects the joints and can cause inflammation, pain, and stiffness. Prednisone is a steroid commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and can be effective in reducing inflammation and managing pain. However, it is important for nurses to be aware of the potential side effects of prednisone, including severe hyperglycemia, particularly in diabetic and older patients.
Other medications commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, such as methotrexate, hydrochloroquine, and leflunomide, can also have potential side effects, including bone marrow depression, visual disturbances, and retinal damage, respectively. It is important for nurses to educate patients about these potential side effects and monitor for any adverse reactions.
Question 4.
Mr. Jones is a 67-year-old man who has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis in his hands and knees. He has been experiencing joint pain and swelling, particularly in the extremes of temperature and humidity. Mr. Jones has been prescribed acetaminophen and NSAIDs for pain management and has been advised to use hot and cold therapy, wear splint devices, and take adequate rest. Mr. Jones is also overweight and has been advised to maintain a healthy weight and follow a balanced diet.
Which of the following is NOT a potential treatment for osteoarthritis?
(a) Topical application of pain-relieving creams
(b) Corticosteroid injection in joints
(c) Osteotomy
(d) Heavy exercise
Answer:
(d) Heavy exercise
Explanation:
Osteoarthritis is a common form of arthritis that occurs when the protective cartilage in the joints wears down over time. It most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine, and is typically seen in older individuals. The main symptom of osteoarthritis is joint pain, which may be accompanied by swelling and stiffness. Treatment approaches for osteoarthritis include managing pain and reducing inflammation, using hot and cold therapy, wearing splint devices, taking adequate rest, maintaining a healthy weight, and following a balanced diet.
Light exercise may also be helpful in maintaining joint movement and reducing stiffness, but heavy exercise is not recommended as it can put stress on the affected joints. In severe cases, osteoarthritis may be treated with corticosteroid injection in joints or osteotomy, which involves surgically cutting and realigning the bones to correct deformities. In extreme cases, joint replacement surgery may also be considered.
Rationale:
Option (d) is correct because heavy exercise is not a recommended treatment for osteoarthritis. Option (a), (b), and (c) are all potential treatments for osteoarthritis, including topical application of pain- relieving creams, corticosteroid injection in joints, and osteotomy.
Question 5.
Mr. Miranda is a 67-year-old man who has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. He is experiencing joint pain and swelling in his hands and knees, and has difficulty performing everyday activities due to the pain. Mr. Miranda's doctor has prescribed acetaminophen and hot and cold therapy for pain management, and has recommended that he take rest and maintain a healthy weight.
Which of the following is a treatment option for severe osteoarthritis?
(a) Osteotomy
(b) Corticosteroid injection
(c) Heat pads
(d) Hip and knee replacement
Answer:
(d) Hip and knee replacement
Explanation:
Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that results from the wear and tear of the protective cartilage in the joints. It most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine and can cause joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. The treatment approach for osteoarthritis is to manage the pain and reduce inflammation, which can be achieved through the use of pain relieving creams, hot and cold therapy, and splint devices.
In severe cases, corticosteroid injection and surgical interventions such as osteotomy or hip and knee replacement may be used. It is important for patients with osteoarthritis to take rest, maintain a healthy weight, and engage in light exercises to reduce joint stiffness and improve movement.
Rationale:
Option (d) is correct because hip and knee replacement is a treatment option for severe osteoarthritis. Option (a) is incorrect because osteotomy is a surgical intervention that may be used to correct deformed joints, but is not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis. Option (b) is incorrect because corticosteroid injection is a treatment option for intense pain, but is not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis. Option (c) is incorrect because heat pads are a treatment option for pain management, but are not necessarily used for severe osteoarthritis.
Question 6.
Mrs. Patel is a 55-year-old woman who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. She has been experiencing inflammation and pain in her joints, particularly in the mornings when she has difficulty moving her hands and feet. Mrs. Patel has also noticed a symmetrical crooked appearance in her hands and feet. She has been prescribed methotrexate for her condition.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of methotrexate?
(a) Visual disturbance
(b) Hepatotoxicity
(c) Bone marrow depression
(d) Retinal damage
Answer:
(c) Bone marrow depression
Explanation:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that affects the joints and can cause inflammation, pain, and stiffness. Medical treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, steroids, gold salts, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate. Methotrexate is a DMARD that works by suppressing the body's immune system and slowing down the destruction of joints. It is an important drug of choice for severe cases of rheumatoid arthritis.
However, it can have potential side effects such as bone marrow depression, which can affect the body's ability to produce new blood cells. It is important for nurses to be aware of the potential risks and benefits of methotrexate and other medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in order to provide safe and effective care to patients with this condition.
Rationale:
Option (c) is correct because methotrexate can cause bone marrow depression, which is a potential side effect of this medication. Option (a) is incorrect because visual disturbance is a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not methotrexate. Option (b) is incorrect because hepatotoxicity is a potential side effect of leflunomide, not methotrexate. Option (d) is incorrect because retinal damage is a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not methotrexate.
Question 7.
Mrs. Rodriguez is a 55-year-old woman who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. She has been experiencing inflammation and pain in her joints, particularly in her hands and feet. Mrs. Rodriguez has also been experiencing episodes of morning stiffness and has a positive rheumatoid factor and increased ESR on her blood profile.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of prednisone, a medication commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
(a) Bone marrow depression
(b) Visual disturbances
(c) Severe hyperglycemia
(d) Retinal damage
Answer:
(c) Severe hyperglycemia
Explanation:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that affects the joints and can cause inflammation, pain, and stiffness. Prednisone is a steroid commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and can be effective in reducing inflammation and managing pain. However, it is important for nurses to be aware of the potential side effects of prednisone, including severe hyperglycemia, particularly in diabetic and older patients.
Other medications commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, such as methotrexate, hydrochloroquine, and leflunomide, can also have potential side effects, including bone marrow depression, visual disturbances, and retinal damage, respectively. It is important for nurses to educate patients about these potential side effects and monitor for any adverse reactions.
Rationale:
Option (c) is correct because prednisone can cause severe hyperglycemia, particularly in diabetic and older patients. Option (a) is incorrect because bone marrow depression is a potential side effect of methotrexate, not prednisone. Option (b) is incorrect because visual disturbances are a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine. not prednisone. Option (d) is incorrect because retinal damage is a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not prednisone.
Question 8..
Mrs. Williams is a 55-year-old woman who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. She has been experiencing inflammation and pain in her joints, particularly in the morning, and has a symmetrical crooked appearance in her hands and feet. Mrs. Williams has also been experiencing feverish symptoms and has a positive rheumatoid factor and increased ESR on her blood profde.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of methotrexate, a commonly used DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis?
(a) Retinal damage
(b) Hepatic fibrosis
(c) Bone marrow depression
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above
Explanation:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition that affects the joints and connective tissues. It is characterized by inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints, particularly in the hands and feet. DMARDs, or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, are commonly used to slow down the destruction of joints by suppressing the body's immune system. Methotrexate is a commonly used DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis, but it can have serious side effects including retinal damage, hepatic fibrosis, and bone marrow depression.
It is important for nurses to be aware of these potential side effects and monitor patients closely for any adverse reactions. Other DMARDs such as hydrochloroquine and leflunomide can also have potential side effects including visual disturbances and hepatotoxicity, respectively. It is important for nurses to provide patient education and support in managing rheumatoid arthritis, including instructing patients on pain management techniques, conserving energy and preserving affected joints, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Rationale:
Option (d) is correct because all of the listed side effects (retinal damage, hepatic fibrosis, and bone marrow depression) are potential side effects of methotrexate. Option (a) is incorrect because retinal damage is a potential side effect of hydrochloroquine, not methotrexate. Option (b) is incorrect because hepatic fibrosis is a potential side effect of methotrexate, not hydrochloroquine. Option (c) is incorrect because bone marrow depression is a potential side effect of methotrexate, not hydrochloroquine.
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