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NCLEX Anti-tuberculosis Questions - NCLEX Questions on Anti-tuberculosis
Anti-tuberculosis NCLEX Practice Questions
Question 1.
A patient has been diagnosed with latent TB and has been prescribed isoniazid as part of their treatment plan. The patient is also taking antacids on a regular basis for heartburn.
What should the nurse do in this situation?
(a) Tell the patient to continue taking the antacids as prescribed
(b) Tell the patient to stop taking the antacids
(c) Tell the patient to take the isoniazid and antacids at different times of the day
(d) Consult with the prescribing healthcare provider for further guidance
Answer:
(d) Consult with the prescribing healthcare provider for further guidance
Explanation:
Isoniazid is a bactericidal medication that is used to treat TB and latent TB. It works by interfering with DNA metabolism in bacteria, but it can also have side effects such as nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, hepatotoxicity, and ototoxicity. As a nursing consideration, it is important to educate the patient about the potential interactions between isoniazid and other medications, including antacids.
Taking isoniazid with antacids may cause a delay in absorption, which could affect the effectiveness of the medication. The nurse should also be aware of the potential for hepatotoxicity and ensure that liver function tests are properly assessed before and during administration of isoniazid to the patient. Consulting with the prescribing healthcare provider is the best course of action in this situation to ensure the patient's safety and proper treatment.
Rationale:
Option (a) is incorrect because taking isoniazid with antacids may cause a delay in absorption, which could affect the effectiveness of the medication. Option (b) is incorrect because the patient is prescribed antacids for a separate condition and should not stop taking them without consulting their healthcare provider.
Option (c) is incorrect because taking the medications at different times of the day does not eliminate the potential for a delay in absorption of isoniazid. Option (d) is the correct answer because the nurse should consult with the prescribing healthcare provider for guidance on how to manage the potential interactions between the two medications and to ensure the patient's safety.
Question 2.
What are the nursing considerations when administering isoniazid to a patient?
(a) Educate the patient not to take the drug with antacids and foods
(b) Prescribe pyridoxine or vitamin B6 to prevent neurotoxicity
(c) Assess liver function tests before and during administration
(d) All of the above Right
Answer:
(d) All of the above Right
Explanation:
It is important to educate the patient not to take isoniazid with antacids and foods as they may delay absorption, and to prescribe pyridoxine or vitamin B6 to prevent neurotoxicity. Also, isoniazid is hepatotoxic and it is important to assess liver function tests before and during administration. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) All of the above.
Rationale:
Option (a) Educate the patient not to take the drug with antacids and foods is correct because this is a nursing consideration.
Option (b) Prescribe pyridoxine or vitamin B6 to prevent neurotoxicity is correct because this is a nursing consideration.
Option (c) Assess liver function tests before and during administration is correct because this is a nursing consideration.
Option (d) All of the above is correct because it includes all of the nursing considerations
Question 3.
Saigrace, a 45-year-old male with a history of alcoholism and tuberculosis
What are some important considerations when prescribing rifampin to Saigrace?
(a) Rifampin may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity in alcoholic patients
(b) Rifampin may cause yellowing of urine, sweat, and tears
(c) Rifampin should not be given to patients on digoxin
(d) Rifampin may decrease the effectiveness of anticoagulants
Answer:
(a) Rifampin may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity in alcoholic patients
(d) Rifampin may decrease the effectiveness of anticoagulants
Explanation:
It is important to consider all of these factors when prescribing rifampin to Saigrace due to his history of alcoholism and tuberculosis. Rifampin may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity in alcoholic patients, so it is important to use it cautiously in this population. The yellowing of urine, sweat, and tears is a normal side effect of rifampin and should be explained to the patient.
Rifampin should not be given to patients on digoxin due to the potential for drug interactions. Additionally, rifampin may decrease the effectiveness of anticoagulants, so it is important to monitor the patient's blood clotting status and adjust their anticoagulant dosage as needed. It is also important to watch for any hypersensitive reactions, such as fever, chills, muscle pain, or headache, and stop the drug if necessary.
Rationale:
Option (a) is correct because rifampin is hepatotoxic and the risk is increased in alcoholic patients. Option (b) is correct because rifampin may cause yellowing of the urine, sweat, and tears. Option (c) is correct because rifampin should not be given to patients on digoxin. Option (d) is correct because rifampin may decrease the effectiveness of anticoagulants. Therefore, option E (all of the above) is the correct answer.
Question 4.
Which of the following is a common side effect of ethambutol and pyrazinamide?
(a) Optic neuritis
(b) Tingling sensations in the hands and feet
(c) Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
(d) Burning Sensation in stomach.
Answer:
(a) Optic neuritis
(b) Tingling sensations in the hands and feet
(c) Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
Explanation:
Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis, which is an inflammation of the optic nerve. Ethambutol can also cause hypersensitivity reactions and neurotoxicity, which can manifest as tingling sensations in the hands Both ethambutol and pyrazinamide can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia as side effects. Pyrazinamide can also cause hypersensitivity reactions and should be used with caution in patients with gout, hepatic disorders, or diabetes.
Rationale:
Optic neuritis is a side effect of ethambutol. Tingling sensations in the hands and feet is a side effect of ethambutol. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are side effects of both ethambutol and pyrazinamide.
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